| Title |
Off-label use of hormones as an antiaging strategy: a review
|
|---|---|
| Published in |
Clinical Interventions in Aging, July 2014
|
| DOI | 10.2147/cia.s48918 |
| Pubmed ID | |
| Authors |
Nikolaos Samaras, Maria-Aikaterini Papadopoulou, Dimitrios Samaras, Filippo Ongaro |
| Abstract |
Given demographic evolution of the population in modern societies, one of the most important health care needs is successful aging with less frailty and dependency. During the last 20 years, a multitude of anti-aging practices have appeared worldwide, aiming at retarding or even stopping and reversing the effects of aging on the human body. One of the cornerstones of anti-aging is hormone replacement. At present, women live one third of their lives in a state of sex-hormone deficiency. Men are also subject to age-related testosterone decline, but andropause remains frequently under-diagnosed and under-treated. Due to the decline of hormone production from gonads in both sexes, the importance of dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) in steroid hormone production increases with age. However, DHEA levels also decrease with age. Also, growth hormone age-associated decrease may be so important that insulin growth factor-1 levels found in elderly individuals are sometimes as low as those encountered in adult patients with established deficiency. Skin aging as well as decreases in lean body mass, bone mineral density, sexual desire and erectile function, intellectual activity and mood have all been related to this decrease of hormone production with age. Great disparities exist between recommendations from scientific societies and actual use of hormone supplements in aging and elderly patients. In this article, we review actual data on the effects of age related hormone decline on the aging process and age-related diseases such as sarcopenia and falls, osteoporosis, cognitive decline, mood disorders, cardiovascular health and sexual activity. We also provide information on the efficiency and safety of hormone replacement protocols in aging patients. Finally, we argue on future perspectives of such protocols as part of everyday practice. |
X Demographics
The data shown below were collected from the profiles of 2 X users who shared this research output. Click here to find out more about how the information was compiled.
Geographical breakdown
| Country | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Italy | 1 | 50% |
| Unknown | 1 | 50% |
Demographic breakdown
| Type | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Members of the public | 2 | 100% |
Mendeley readers
The data shown below were compiled from readership statistics for 207 Mendeley readers of this research output. Click here to see the associated Mendeley record.
Geographical breakdown
| Country | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| United States | 2 | <1% |
| Iran, Islamic Republic of | 1 | <1% |
| China | 1 | <1% |
| Italy | 1 | <1% |
| Unknown | 202 | 98% |
Demographic breakdown
| Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Researcher | 27 | 13% |
| Student > Master | 23 | 11% |
| Student > Bachelor | 23 | 11% |
| Student > Ph. D. Student | 19 | 9% |
| Other | 16 | 8% |
| Other | 40 | 19% |
| Unknown | 59 | 29% |
| Readers by discipline | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Medicine and Dentistry | 70 | 34% |
| Agricultural and Biological Sciences | 16 | 8% |
| Nursing and Health Professions | 11 | 5% |
| Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutical Science | 8 | 4% |
| Psychology | 7 | 3% |
| Other | 32 | 15% |
| Unknown | 63 | 30% |
Attention Score in Context
This research output has an Altmetric Attention Score of 38. This is our high-level measure of the quality and quantity of online attention that it has received. This Attention Score, as well as the ranking and number of research outputs shown below, was calculated when the research output was last mentioned on 23 January 2021.
All research outputs
#1,057,491
of 25,371,288 outputs
Outputs from Clinical Interventions in Aging
#99
of 1,968 outputs
Outputs of similar age
#10,204
of 242,344 outputs
Outputs of similar age from Clinical Interventions in Aging
#2
of 46 outputs
Altmetric has tracked 25,371,288 research outputs across all sources so far. Compared to these this one has done particularly well and is in the 95th percentile: it's in the top 5% of all research outputs ever tracked by Altmetric.
So far Altmetric has tracked 1,968 research outputs from this source. They typically receive a lot more attention than average, with a mean Attention Score of 11.1. This one has done particularly well, scoring higher than 94% of its peers.
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We're also able to compare this research output to 46 others from the same source and published within six weeks on either side of this one. This one has done particularly well, scoring higher than 95% of its contemporaries.