| Title |
Non-invasive and transdermal measurement of blood uric acid level in human by electroporation and reverse iontophoresis
|
|---|---|
| Published in |
International Journal of Nanomedicine, November 2010
|
| DOI | 10.2147/ijn.s14284 |
| Pubmed ID | |
| Authors |
Chih-Kuei Lee, Congo Tak-Shing Ching, Tai-Ping Sun, Chun-Lang Tsai, Wei Huang, Hsin-Hung Huang, Jen-Fu Kuo, Li-Hang Lai, Mei-Ya Chien, Hsin-Hui Tseng, Hui-Tzu Pan, Shiow-Yuan Huang, Hsiu-Li Shieh, Wei-Hao Liu, Chia-Ming Liu, Hsin-Wei Huang |
| Abstract |
The aim of this study was to find out the optimum combination of electroporation (EP) and reverse iontophoresis (RI) on noninvasive and transdermal determination of blood uric acid level in humans. EP is the use of high-voltage electric pulse to create nano-channels on the stratum corneum, temporarily and reversibly. RI is the use of small current to facilitate both charged and uncharged molecule transportation across the skin. It is believed that the combination of these two techniques has additional benefits on the molecules' extraction across the human skin. In vitro studies using porcine skin and diffusion cell have indicated that the optimum mode for transdermal uric acid extraction is the combination of RI with symmetrical biphasic direct current (current density = 0.3 mA/cm²; phase duration = 180 s) and EP with 10 pulses per second (voltage = 100 V/cm²; pulse width = 1 ms). This optimum mode was applied to six human subjects. Uric acid was successfully extracted through the subjects' skin into the collection solution. A good correlation (r² = 0.88) between the subject's blood uric acid level and uric acid concentrations in collection solutions was observed. The results suggest that it may be possible to noninvasively and transdermally determine blood uric acid levels. |
Mendeley readers
The data shown below were compiled from readership statistics for 21 Mendeley readers of this research output. Click here to see the associated Mendeley record.
Geographical breakdown
| Country | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Australia | 1 | 5% |
| Unknown | 20 | 95% |
Demographic breakdown
| Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Researcher | 4 | 19% |
| Student > Ph. D. Student | 3 | 14% |
| Student > Bachelor | 3 | 14% |
| Unspecified | 1 | 5% |
| Lecturer | 1 | 5% |
| Other | 2 | 10% |
| Unknown | 7 | 33% |
| Readers by discipline | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Engineering | 5 | 24% |
| Medicine and Dentistry | 2 | 10% |
| Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutical Science | 1 | 5% |
| Agricultural and Biological Sciences | 1 | 5% |
| Unspecified | 1 | 5% |
| Other | 4 | 19% |
| Unknown | 7 | 33% |
Attention Score in Context
This research output has an Altmetric Attention Score of 1. This is our high-level measure of the quality and quantity of online attention that it has received. This Attention Score, as well as the ranking and number of research outputs shown below, was calculated when the research output was last mentioned on 16 December 2011.
All research outputs
#22,758,309
of 25,373,627 outputs
Outputs from International Journal of Nanomedicine
#3,598
of 4,123 outputs
Outputs of similar age
#104,306
of 109,991 outputs
Outputs of similar age from International Journal of Nanomedicine
#22
of 22 outputs
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