| Title |
Sexual dimorphism in Parkinson’s disease: differences in clinical manifestations, quality of life and psychosocial functioning between males and females
|
|---|---|
| Published in |
Neuropsychiatric Disease and Treatment, February 2017
|
| DOI | 10.2147/ndt.s124984 |
| Pubmed ID | |
| Authors |
Farzaneh Farhadi, Kia Vosoughi, Gholam Ali Shahidi, Ahmad Delbari, Johan Lökk, Seyed-Mohammad Fereshtehnejad |
| Abstract |
Sex-related differences in clinical manifestations and consequences of Parkinson's disease (PD) have been poorly explored. Better understanding of sexual dimorphism in neurologic diseases such as PD has been announced as a research priority. The aim of our study was to determine independent sex differences in clinical manifestations and subtypes, psychosocial functioning, quality of life (QoL) and its domains between male and female individuals with PD. A comprehensive list of demographics, motor symptoms and subtypes, nonmotor features, health-related quality of life (HRQoL), psychosocial functioning and general aspects of daily life was assessed in 157 individuals (108 males and 49 females) with idiopathic PD. In order to control for potential confounding variables, we applied Orthogonal Partial Least Squares - Discriminant Analysis (OPLS-DA) to explore the strength of each feature to discriminate male and female patients with PD. While no sex difference was found in the total Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS) score and cumulative daily dose of levodopa, females had significantly more severe anxiety (mean difference =2.2 [95% confidence interval, CI: 0.5-4.0], P=0.011), worse nutritional status (23.8 [standard deviation, SD =4.2] vs 25.8 [SD =2.6], P=0.003) and poorer QoL (28.3 [SD =15.7] vs 17.9 [SD =14.2], P<0.001). Based on multivariate discriminant analysis, emotional well-being, bodily discomfort, social support, mobility and communication domains of HRQoL, together with anxiety, depression and psychosocial functioning, were the strongest features with more severe/worse status in females after adjustment for potential statistical confounders. Our study provides a comprehensive understanding of sexual dimorphism in PD. Anxiety, depression, specific domains of HRQoL (mobility, emotional well-being, social support and bodily discomfort) and psychosocial functioning were significantly worse in female individuals with PD. Sexual dimorphism in PD highlights the features that are more likely to be affected in each sex and should be specifically targeted when managing male and female individuals with PD. |
X Demographics
The data shown below were collected from the profiles of 2 X users who shared this research output. Click here to find out more about how the information was compiled.
Geographical breakdown
| Country | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| United States | 1 | 50% |
| Unknown | 1 | 50% |
Demographic breakdown
| Type | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Members of the public | 1 | 50% |
| Practitioners (doctors, other healthcare professionals) | 1 | 50% |
Mendeley readers
The data shown below were compiled from readership statistics for 75 Mendeley readers of this research output. Click here to see the associated Mendeley record.
Geographical breakdown
| Country | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Unknown | 75 | 100% |
Demographic breakdown
| Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Student > Master | 9 | 12% |
| Student > Bachelor | 8 | 11% |
| Student > Doctoral Student | 8 | 11% |
| Researcher | 6 | 8% |
| Student > Ph. D. Student | 6 | 8% |
| Other | 9 | 12% |
| Unknown | 29 | 39% |
| Readers by discipline | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Medicine and Dentistry | 11 | 15% |
| Neuroscience | 8 | 11% |
| Nursing and Health Professions | 6 | 8% |
| Psychology | 6 | 8% |
| Agricultural and Biological Sciences | 4 | 5% |
| Other | 9 | 12% |
| Unknown | 31 | 41% |
Attention Score in Context
This research output has an Altmetric Attention Score of 3. This is our high-level measure of the quality and quantity of online attention that it has received. This Attention Score, as well as the ranking and number of research outputs shown below, was calculated when the research output was last mentioned on 06 March 2017.
All research outputs
#14,731,975
of 25,584,565 outputs
Outputs from Neuropsychiatric Disease and Treatment
#1,284
of 3,120 outputs
Outputs of similar age
#216,046
of 426,137 outputs
Outputs of similar age from Neuropsychiatric Disease and Treatment
#32
of 74 outputs
Altmetric has tracked 25,584,565 research outputs across all sources so far. This one is in the 41st percentile – i.e., 41% of other outputs scored the same or lower than it.
So far Altmetric has tracked 3,120 research outputs from this source. They typically receive a lot more attention than average, with a mean Attention Score of 10.6. This one has gotten more attention than average, scoring higher than 57% of its peers.
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We're also able to compare this research output to 74 others from the same source and published within six weeks on either side of this one. This one has gotten more attention than average, scoring higher than 56% of its contemporaries.