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| Title |
Serum galectin-1 in patients with multiple myeloma: associations with survival, angiogenesis, and biomarkers of macrophage activation
|
|---|---|
| Published in |
OncoTargets and therapy, April 2017
|
| DOI | 10.2147/ott.s124321 |
| Pubmed ID | |
| Authors |
Morten Nørgaard Andersen, Maja Ludvigsen, Niels Abildgaard, Irma Petruskevicius, Rikke Hjortebjerg, Mette Bjerre, Bent Honoré, Holger J Møller, Niels F Andersen |
| Abstract |
Galectin-1 (Gal-1) is known to regulate cell signaling within the immune system and may be a target for new anticancer immune therapy. In patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) and classical Hodgkin lymphoma (cHL), high levels of Gal-1 within the tumor microenvironment were associated with worse disease state or poor outcome. Gal-1 can be secreted from cells by an unknown mechanism, and levels in blood samples were associated with high tumor burden and worse disease state in cHL and CLL patients. However, serum levels of Gal-1 have never been investigated in patients with multiple myeloma (MM). We measured serum Gal-1 levels in samples from patients with treatment demanding MM at the time of diagnosis (n=102) and after treatment (n=24) and examined associations of serum Gal-1 with clinicopathological information obtained from patient medical records, as well as data on bone marrow angiogenesis and the macrophage activation biomarkers soluble CD163 (sCD163) and soluble mannose receptor. Serum Gal-1 levels were not elevated in patients with MM at diagnosis compared with healthy donors (median values 8.48 vs 11.93 ng/mL, P=0.05), which is in contrast to results in cHL and CLL. Furthermore, Gal-1 levels did not show association with bone marrow angiogenesis, clinicopathological parameters, overall survival, or response to treatment. There was a statically significant association between Gal-1 and sCD163 levels (R=0.24, P=0.02), but not with soluble mannose receptor (P=0.92). In conclusion, our results indicate that Gal-1 is not an important serum biomarker in MM, which is in contrast to data from patients with cHL and CLL. However, the association with sCD163 is in line with previous data showing that Gal-1 may be involved in alternative (M2-like) activation of macrophages. |
X Demographics
Geographical breakdown
| Country | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Unknown | 5 | 100% |
Demographic breakdown
| Type | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Members of the public | 4 | 80% |
| Scientists | 1 | 20% |
Mendeley readers
The data shown below were compiled from readership statistics for 29 Mendeley readers of this research output. Click here to see the associated Mendeley record.
Geographical breakdown
| Country | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Unknown | 29 | 100% |
Demographic breakdown
| Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Researcher | 6 | 21% |
| Student > Ph. D. Student | 5 | 17% |
| Student > Master | 4 | 14% |
| Student > Doctoral Student | 2 | 7% |
| Student > Postgraduate | 2 | 7% |
| Other | 6 | 21% |
| Unknown | 4 | 14% |
| Readers by discipline | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Medicine and Dentistry | 10 | 34% |
| Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology | 8 | 28% |
| Agricultural and Biological Sciences | 4 | 14% |
| Unspecified | 1 | 3% |
| Sports and Recreations | 1 | 3% |
| Other | 1 | 3% |
| Unknown | 4 | 14% |
Attention Score in Context
This research output has an Altmetric Attention Score of 3. This is our high-level measure of the quality and quantity of online attention that it has received. This Attention Score, as well as the ranking and number of research outputs shown below, was calculated when the research output was last mentioned on 05 September 2018.
All research outputs
#15,216,082
of 26,311,549 outputs
Outputs from OncoTargets and therapy
#755
of 3,027 outputs
Outputs of similar age
#164,866
of 327,860 outputs
Outputs of similar age from OncoTargets and therapy
#23
of 92 outputs
Altmetric has tracked 26,311,549 research outputs across all sources so far. This one is in the 41st percentile – i.e., 41% of other outputs scored the same or lower than it.
So far Altmetric has tracked 3,027 research outputs from this source. They receive a mean Attention Score of 3.1. This one has gotten more attention than average, scoring higher than 74% of its peers.
Older research outputs will score higher simply because they've had more time to accumulate mentions. To account for age we can compare this Altmetric Attention Score to the 327,860 tracked outputs that were published within six weeks on either side of this one in any source. This one is in the 48th percentile – i.e., 48% of its contemporaries scored the same or lower than it.
We're also able to compare this research output to 92 others from the same source and published within six weeks on either side of this one. This one has done well, scoring higher than 75% of its contemporaries.