| Title |
Evaluation of psoralen ethosomes for topical delivery in rats by using in vivo microdialysis
|
|---|---|
| Published in |
International Journal of Nanomedicine, January 2014
|
| DOI | 10.2147/ijn.s57314 |
| Pubmed ID | |
| Authors |
Yong-Tai Zhang, Li-Na Shen, Ji-Hui Zhao, Nian-Ping Feng |
| Abstract |
This study aimed to improve skin permeation and deposition of psoralen by using ethosomes and to investigate real-time drug release in the deep skin in rats. We used a uniform design method to evaluate the effects of different ethosome formulations on entrapment efficiency and drug skin deposition. Using in vitro and in vivo methods, we investigated skin penetration and release from psoralen-loaded ethosomes in comparison with an ethanol tincture. In in vitro studies, the use of ethosomes was associated with a 6.56-fold greater skin deposition of psoralen than that achieved with the use of the tincture. In vivo skin microdialysis showed that the peak concentration and area under the curve of psoralen from ethosomes were approximately 3.37 and 2.34 times higher, respectively, than those of psoralen from the tincture. Moreover, it revealed that the percutaneous permeability of ethosomes was greater when applied to the abdomen than when applied to the chest or scapulas. Enhanced permeation and skin deposition of psoralen delivered by ethosomes may help reduce toxicity and improve the efficacy of long-term psoralen treatment. |
X Demographics
The data shown below were collected from the profiles of 4 X users who shared this research output. Click here to find out more about how the information was compiled.
Geographical breakdown
| Country | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Unknown | 4 | 100% |
Demographic breakdown
| Type | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Practitioners (doctors, other healthcare professionals) | 4 | 100% |
Mendeley readers
The data shown below were compiled from readership statistics for 90 Mendeley readers of this research output. Click here to see the associated Mendeley record.
Geographical breakdown
| Country | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| India | 1 | 1% |
| Pakistan | 1 | 1% |
| Australia | 1 | 1% |
| Brazil | 1 | 1% |
| Unknown | 86 | 96% |
Demographic breakdown
| Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Student > Master | 12 | 13% |
| Student > Ph. D. Student | 11 | 12% |
| Student > Bachelor | 8 | 9% |
| Researcher | 8 | 9% |
| Professor > Associate Professor | 6 | 7% |
| Other | 15 | 17% |
| Unknown | 30 | 33% |
| Readers by discipline | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutical Science | 30 | 33% |
| Medicine and Dentistry | 8 | 9% |
| Engineering | 4 | 4% |
| Chemistry | 4 | 4% |
| Agricultural and Biological Sciences | 3 | 3% |
| Other | 5 | 6% |
| Unknown | 36 | 40% |
Attention Score in Context
This research output has an Altmetric Attention Score of 2. This is our high-level measure of the quality and quantity of online attention that it has received. This Attention Score, as well as the ranking and number of research outputs shown below, was calculated when the research output was last mentioned on 17 February 2014.
All research outputs
#15,879,822
of 25,584,565 outputs
Outputs from International Journal of Nanomedicine
#1,779
of 4,077 outputs
Outputs of similar age
#184,513
of 320,237 outputs
Outputs of similar age from International Journal of Nanomedicine
#39
of 100 outputs
Altmetric has tracked 25,584,565 research outputs across all sources so far. This one is in the 36th percentile – i.e., 36% of other outputs scored the same or lower than it.
So far Altmetric has tracked 4,077 research outputs from this source. They receive a mean Attention Score of 4.8. This one has gotten more attention than average, scoring higher than 53% of its peers.
Older research outputs will score higher simply because they've had more time to accumulate mentions. To account for age we can compare this Altmetric Attention Score to the 320,237 tracked outputs that were published within six weeks on either side of this one in any source. This one is in the 41st percentile – i.e., 41% of its contemporaries scored the same or lower than it.
We're also able to compare this research output to 100 others from the same source and published within six weeks on either side of this one. This one has gotten more attention than average, scoring higher than 61% of its contemporaries.