Title |
Clinical issues of mucus accumulation in COPD
|
---|---|
Published in |
International Journal of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease, January 2014
|
DOI | 10.2147/copd.s38938 |
Pubmed ID | |
Authors |
Frederick L Ramos, Jason S Krahnke, Victor Kim |
Abstract |
Airway mucus is part of the lung's native immune function that traps particulates and microorganisms, enabling their clearance from the lung by ciliary transport and cough. Mucus hypersecretion and chronic productive cough are the features of the chronic bronchitis and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Overproduction and hypersecretion by goblet cells and the decreased elimination of mucus are the primary mechanisms responsible for excessive mucus in chronic bronchitis. Mucus accumulation in COPD patients affects several important outcomes such as lung function, health-related quality of life, COPD exacerbations, hospitalizations, and mortality. Nonpharmacologic options for the treatment of mucus accumulation in COPD are smoking cessation and physical measures used to promote mucus clearance. Pharmacologic therapies include expectorants, mucolytics, methylxanthines, beta-adrenergic receptor agonists, anticholinergics, glucocorticoids, phosphodiesterase-4 inhibitors, antioxidants, and antibiotics. |
X Demographics
Geographical breakdown
Country | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
France | 1 | 25% |
United States | 1 | 25% |
Unknown | 2 | 50% |
Demographic breakdown
Type | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Members of the public | 3 | 75% |
Practitioners (doctors, other healthcare professionals) | 1 | 25% |
Mendeley readers
Geographical breakdown
Country | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
United Kingdom | 2 | <1% |
United States | 1 | <1% |
Norway | 1 | <1% |
Unknown | 231 | 98% |
Demographic breakdown
Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Student > Master | 35 | 15% |
Student > Ph. D. Student | 34 | 14% |
Student > Bachelor | 33 | 14% |
Researcher | 18 | 8% |
Student > Doctoral Student | 12 | 5% |
Other | 35 | 15% |
Unknown | 68 | 29% |
Readers by discipline | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Medicine and Dentistry | 56 | 24% |
Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology | 19 | 8% |
Nursing and Health Professions | 17 | 7% |
Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutical Science | 17 | 7% |
Agricultural and Biological Sciences | 16 | 7% |
Other | 36 | 15% |
Unknown | 74 | 31% |