Title |
Calcium pyrophosphate crystal deposition disease: diagnosis and treatment
|
---|---|
Published in |
Open Access Rheumatology : Research and Reviews , May 2014
|
DOI | 10.2147/oarrr.s39039 |
Pubmed ID | |
Authors |
José Luis Rosales-Alexander, Jerónimo Balsalobre Aznar, César Magro-Checa |
Abstract |
Calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate crystal deposition disease (CPPD) is an inflammatory arthritis produced by the deposition of calcium pyrophosphate (CPP) crystals in the synovium and periarticular soft tissues. It is the third most common inflammatory arthritis. Diagnosis is suspected on the basis of the clinical picture and radiographic/laboratory findings. The reference standard for the diagnosis of CPPD is based on the identification of CPP crystals in synovial fluid by light microscopy, compensated polarized light microscopy, or phase contrast microscopy. Most treatment approaches for CPPD are based upon clinical experience and not upon controlled trials. They range - depending on the subtype and the characteristics of symptoms - from no treatment to interleukin-1 blockade antibodies or specific therapy for an underlying disease. This review summarizes all we know so far about the diagnosis and management of CPPD. |
X Demographics
Geographical breakdown
Country | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Venezuela, Bolivarian Republic of | 1 | 17% |
Switzerland | 1 | 17% |
Singapore | 1 | 17% |
Mauritius | 1 | 17% |
Unknown | 2 | 33% |
Demographic breakdown
Type | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Members of the public | 5 | 83% |
Practitioners (doctors, other healthcare professionals) | 1 | 17% |
Mendeley readers
Geographical breakdown
Country | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Unknown | 93 | 100% |
Demographic breakdown
Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Student > Bachelor | 14 | 15% |
Student > Master | 12 | 13% |
Researcher | 9 | 10% |
Student > Postgraduate | 8 | 9% |
Student > Doctoral Student | 6 | 6% |
Other | 16 | 17% |
Unknown | 28 | 30% |
Readers by discipline | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Medicine and Dentistry | 35 | 38% |
Agricultural and Biological Sciences | 5 | 5% |
Nursing and Health Professions | 4 | 4% |
Neuroscience | 3 | 3% |
Immunology and Microbiology | 3 | 3% |
Other | 13 | 14% |
Unknown | 30 | 32% |