| Title |
Zinc oxide nanoparticles exhibit cytotoxicity and genotoxicity through oxidative stress responses in human lung fibroblasts and Drosophila melanogaster
|
|---|---|
| Published in |
International Journal of Nanomedicine, February 2017
|
| DOI | 10.2147/ijn.s124403 |
| Pubmed ID | |
| Authors |
Cheng Teng Ng, Liang Qing Yong, Manoor Prakash Hande, Choon Nam Ong, Liya E Yu, Boon Huat Bay, Gyeong Hun Baeg |
| Abstract |
Although zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) have been widely used, there has been an increasing number of reports on the toxicity of ZnO NPs. However, study on the underlying mechanisms under in vivo conditions is insufficient. In this study, we investigated the toxicological profiles of ZnO NPs in MRC5 human lung fibroblasts in vitro and in an in vivo model using the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster. A comprehensive study was conducted to evaluate the uptake, cytotoxicity, reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation, gene expression profiling and genotoxicity induced by ZnO NPs. For in vitro toxicity, the results showed that there was a significant release of extracellular lactate dehydrogenase and decreased cell viability in ZnO NP-treated MRC5 lung cells, indicating cellular damage and cytotoxicity. Generation of ROS was observed to be related to significant expression of DNA Damage Inducible Transcript (DDIT3) and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) to nucleus signaling 1 (ERN1) genes, which are ER stress-related genes. Oxidative stress induced DNA damage was further verified by a significant release of DNA oxidation product, 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine (8-OHdG), as well as by the Comet assay. For the in vivo study using the fruit fly D. melanogaster as a model, significant toxicity was observed in F1 progenies upon ingestion of ZnO NPs. ZnO NPs induced significant decrease in the egg-to-adult viability of the flies. We further showed that the decreased viability is closely associated with ROS induction by ZnO NPs. Removal of one copy of the D. melanogaster Nrf2 alleles further decreased the ZnO NPs-induced lethality due to increased production of ROS, indicating that nuclear factor E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) plays important role in ZnO NPs-mediated ROS production. The present study suggests that ZnO NPs induced significant oxidative stress-related cytotoxicity and genotoxicity in human lung fibroblasts in vitro and in D. melanogaster in vivo. More extensive studies would be needed to verify the safety issues related to increased usage of ZnO NPs by consumers. |
Mendeley readers
The data shown below were compiled from readership statistics for 188 Mendeley readers of this research output. Click here to see the associated Mendeley record.
Geographical breakdown
| Country | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Brazil | 1 | <1% |
| Unknown | 187 | 99% |
Demographic breakdown
| Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Student > Bachelor | 27 | 14% |
| Student > Master | 25 | 13% |
| Student > Ph. D. Student | 24 | 13% |
| Researcher | 18 | 10% |
| Student > Doctoral Student | 15 | 8% |
| Other | 31 | 16% |
| Unknown | 48 | 26% |
| Readers by discipline | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology | 28 | 15% |
| Agricultural and Biological Sciences | 19 | 10% |
| Chemistry | 13 | 7% |
| Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutical Science | 12 | 6% |
| Medicine and Dentistry | 11 | 6% |
| Other | 43 | 23% |
| Unknown | 62 | 33% |
Attention Score in Context
This research output has an Altmetric Attention Score of 1. This is our high-level measure of the quality and quantity of online attention that it has received. This Attention Score, as well as the ranking and number of research outputs shown below, was calculated when the research output was last mentioned on 13 August 2017.
All research outputs
#22,764,772
of 25,382,440 outputs
Outputs from International Journal of Nanomedicine
#3,598
of 4,122 outputs
Outputs of similar age
#365,805
of 424,972 outputs
Outputs of similar age from International Journal of Nanomedicine
#77
of 87 outputs
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So far Altmetric has tracked 4,122 research outputs from this source. They receive a mean Attention Score of 4.7. This one is in the 1st percentile – i.e., 1% of its peers scored the same or lower than it.
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