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| Title |
Lysyl oxidase activates cancer stromal cells and promotes gastric cancer progression: quantum dot-based identification of biomarkers in cancer stromal cells
|
|---|---|
| Published in |
International Journal of Nanomedicine, December 2017
|
| DOI | 10.2147/ijn.s143871 |
| Pubmed ID | |
| Authors |
Chunwei Peng, Jiuyang Liu, Guifang Yang, Yan Li |
| Abstract |
Semiconductor quantum dots (QDs) are a promising alternative to organic fluorescent dyes for multiplexed molecular imaging of cancer stroma, which have great advantages in holistically analyzing the complex interactions among cancer stromal components in situ. A QD probe-based multiplexed spectral molecular imaging method was established for simultaneous imaging. Three tissue microarrays (TMAs) including 184 gastric cancer (GC) tissues were constructed for the study. Multispectral analyses were performed for quantifying stromal biomarkers, such as lysyl oxidase (LOX). The stromal status including infiltrating of immune cells (high density of macrophages), angiogenesis (high density of microvessel density [MVD], low neovessel maturation) and extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling (low density of type IV collagen, intense expression of matrix metalloproteinase 9 [MMP-9]) was evaluated. This study compared the imaging features of the QD probe-based single molecular imaging method, immunohistochemistry, and organic dye-based immunofluorescent methods, and showed the advantages of the QD probe-based multiple molecular imaging method for simultaneously visualizing complex components of cancer stroma. The risk of macrophages in high density, high MVD, low neomicrovessel maturation, MMP-9 expression and low type IV collagen was significantly increased for the expression of LOX. With the advantages of the established QD probe-based multiplexed molecular imaging method, the spatial relationship between LOX and stromal essential events could be simultaneously evaluated histologically. Stromal activation was defined and then evaluated. Survival analysis showed that the stromal activation was correlated with overall survival and disease-free survival (P<0.001 for all). The expression of LOX was significantly increased in the intense activation subgroup (P<0.001). Quantifying assessment of the stroma indicates that the LOX may be a stromal marker for GC and stromal activation, which is not only responsible for the ECM remodeling morphologically, but also for the formation of invasive properties and recurrence. These results support the possibility to integrate morphological and molecular biomarker information for cancer research by the biomedical application of QDs. |
X Demographics
Geographical breakdown
| Country | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Israel | 1 | 33% |
| Germany | 1 | 33% |
| United States | 1 | 33% |
Demographic breakdown
| Type | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Members of the public | 2 | 67% |
| Science communicators (journalists, bloggers, editors) | 1 | 33% |
Mendeley readers
The data shown below were compiled from readership statistics for 28 Mendeley readers of this research output. Click here to see the associated Mendeley record.
Geographical breakdown
| Country | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Unknown | 28 | 100% |
Demographic breakdown
| Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Researcher | 5 | 18% |
| Student > Bachelor | 2 | 7% |
| Other | 2 | 7% |
| Student > Ph. D. Student | 2 | 7% |
| Professor > Associate Professor | 2 | 7% |
| Other | 3 | 11% |
| Unknown | 12 | 43% |
| Readers by discipline | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Medicine and Dentistry | 5 | 18% |
| Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology | 3 | 11% |
| Veterinary Science and Veterinary Medicine | 2 | 7% |
| Agricultural and Biological Sciences | 2 | 7% |
| Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutical Science | 1 | 4% |
| Other | 2 | 7% |
| Unknown | 13 | 46% |
Attention Score in Context
This research output has an Altmetric Attention Score of 2. This is our high-level measure of the quality and quantity of online attention that it has received. This Attention Score, as well as the ranking and number of research outputs shown below, was calculated when the research output was last mentioned on 30 March 2018.
All research outputs
#15,523,434
of 25,382,440 outputs
Outputs from International Journal of Nanomedicine
#1,757
of 4,122 outputs
Outputs of similar age
#238,272
of 444,941 outputs
Outputs of similar age from International Journal of Nanomedicine
#33
of 71 outputs
Altmetric has tracked 25,382,440 research outputs across all sources so far. This one is in the 37th percentile – i.e., 37% of other outputs scored the same or lower than it.
So far Altmetric has tracked 4,122 research outputs from this source. They receive a mean Attention Score of 4.7. This one has gotten more attention than average, scoring higher than 56% of its peers.
Older research outputs will score higher simply because they've had more time to accumulate mentions. To account for age we can compare this Altmetric Attention Score to the 444,941 tracked outputs that were published within six weeks on either side of this one in any source. This one is in the 45th percentile – i.e., 45% of its contemporaries scored the same or lower than it.
We're also able to compare this research output to 71 others from the same source and published within six weeks on either side of this one. This one has gotten more attention than average, scoring higher than 52% of its contemporaries.