| Title |
The annual direct costs of stable COPD in Greece
|
|---|---|
| Published in |
International Journal of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease, January 2018
|
| DOI | 10.2147/copd.s148051 |
| Pubmed ID | |
| Authors |
Eirini Stafyla, Mary Geitona, Theodora Kerenidi, Athina Economou, Zoe Daniil, Konstantinos I Gourgoulianis |
| Abstract |
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) places a major burden on health care systems and has substantial economic effects; however, the cost of stable disease in Greece has never been thoroughly explored. The objective of the study was to estimate the annual COPD patient cost during the maintenance phase and explore the relationships between the cost and disease severity. Data were collected from 245 COPD patients (male: 231, mean age: 69.5±8.8 years) who visited the outpatient unit of University Hospital of Larissa in 2014 and 2015. Patients were classified according to Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD) guidelines, and the patients' direct cost during the maintenance phase was calculated. Eleven percent of COPD patients were stage I, 48.2% were stage II, 29% were stage III, and 11.8% were stage IV. According to the GOLD groups, 23.3% of patients were grade A, 15.5% were grade B, 22.9% were grade C, and 38.4% were grade D. The mean annual direct cost for stable disease was estimated at €1,034.55 per patient, of which €222.94 corresponded to out-of-pocket payments. The annual cost ranged from €408.23 to €2,041.89 depending on GOLD stages (I-IV) and from €550.01 to €1,480.00 depending on GOLD groups (A-D). The key cost driver was pharmaceutical treatment, which reflected almost 71% of the total expenses for the management of stable disease. The mean annual per-patient cost was two to three times higher for those with advanced disease (stages III-IV) compared to those with stages I-II disease, and it doubled for "high-risk" patients (groups C-D) compared to "low-risk" patients (groups A-B). The cost of COPD during the maintenance phase is remarkable, with the key cost driver found to be pharmaceutical treatment and social insurance funds the key payer for treating COPD patients in Greece. The cost of stable disease is proportional to the severity of COPD, and it is doubled in patients who belong to high-risk groups. |
X Demographics
The data shown below were collected from the profiles of 3 X users who shared this research output. Click here to find out more about how the information was compiled.
Geographical breakdown
| Country | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Unknown | 3 | 100% |
Demographic breakdown
| Type | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Members of the public | 2 | 67% |
| Practitioners (doctors, other healthcare professionals) | 1 | 33% |
Mendeley readers
The data shown below were compiled from readership statistics for 30 Mendeley readers of this research output. Click here to see the associated Mendeley record.
Geographical breakdown
| Country | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Unknown | 30 | 100% |
Demographic breakdown
| Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Student > Master | 7 | 23% |
| Researcher | 5 | 17% |
| Student > Bachelor | 3 | 10% |
| Librarian | 2 | 7% |
| Other | 2 | 7% |
| Other | 2 | 7% |
| Unknown | 9 | 30% |
| Readers by discipline | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Medicine and Dentistry | 8 | 27% |
| Nursing and Health Professions | 5 | 17% |
| Social Sciences | 2 | 7% |
| Computer Science | 1 | 3% |
| Psychology | 1 | 3% |
| Other | 3 | 10% |
| Unknown | 10 | 33% |
Attention Score in Context
This research output has an Altmetric Attention Score of 3. This is our high-level measure of the quality and quantity of online attention that it has received. This Attention Score, as well as the ranking and number of research outputs shown below, was calculated when the research output was last mentioned on 16 January 2018.
All research outputs
#14,519,165
of 25,584,565 outputs
Outputs from International Journal of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
#1,178
of 2,571 outputs
Outputs of similar age
#218,973
of 450,901 outputs
Outputs of similar age from International Journal of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
#38
of 68 outputs
Altmetric has tracked 25,584,565 research outputs across all sources so far. This one is in the 42nd percentile – i.e., 42% of other outputs scored the same or lower than it.
So far Altmetric has tracked 2,571 research outputs from this source. They typically receive a little more attention than average, with a mean Attention Score of 6.5. This one has gotten more attention than average, scoring higher than 53% of its peers.
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We're also able to compare this research output to 68 others from the same source and published within six weeks on either side of this one. This one is in the 45th percentile – i.e., 45% of its contemporaries scored the same or lower than it.