| Title |
The role of cytokines and chemokines in the microenvironment of the blood–brain barrier in leukemia central nervous system metastasis
|
|---|---|
| Published in |
Cancer Management and Research, February 2018
|
| DOI | 10.2147/cmar.s152419 |
| Pubmed ID | |
| Authors |
Mengya Si, Xiaoyang Jiao, Yazhen Li, Huanzhu Chen, Ping He, Fang Jiang |
| Abstract |
Central nervous system (CNS) metastasis is a major obstacle in the treatment of leukemia, and the underlying mechanisms of leukemia CNS metastasis are not fully understood. The present study is an investigation of the role of the CNS microenvironment in leukemia CNS metastasis. Analog blood-brain barrier (BBB) was set by coculturing human brain microvascular endothelial cells (HBMVECs) and leukemia cells (U937 and IL-60), as well as HBMVECs and sera from leukemia patients, in vitro. The permeability of the HBMVEC monolayer and the levels of tight junction proteins, cytokines and chemokines (C&Ckines) were measured. The permeability of HBMVECs increased when cocultured with leukemia sera. The expression of C&Ckines was significantly upregulated in HBMVECs cocultured with leukemia sera or leukemia cells, compared to the normal sera (P<0.05, respectively). Specifically, significantly higher levels of vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGF-A) and matrix metalloprotease 9 (MMP-9) were found in HBMVECs and leukemia cells/sera coculturing systems. Both leukemia cells and the molecules in leukemia sera play an important role in leukemia CNS metastasis. VEGF-A and MMPs may be the main factors resulting in the degradation of the BBB and inducing the CNS migration of leukemia cells. |
X Demographics
The data shown below were collected from the profile of 1 X user who shared this research output. Click here to find out more about how the information was compiled.
Geographical breakdown
| Country | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Canada | 1 | 100% |
Demographic breakdown
| Type | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Members of the public | 1 | 100% |
Mendeley readers
The data shown below were compiled from readership statistics for 17 Mendeley readers of this research output. Click here to see the associated Mendeley record.
Geographical breakdown
| Country | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Unknown | 17 | 100% |
Demographic breakdown
| Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Student > Master | 3 | 18% |
| Student > Bachelor | 3 | 18% |
| Professor | 2 | 12% |
| Student > Ph. D. Student | 2 | 12% |
| Other | 1 | 6% |
| Other | 1 | 6% |
| Unknown | 5 | 29% |
| Readers by discipline | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology | 5 | 29% |
| Immunology and Microbiology | 2 | 12% |
| Medicine and Dentistry | 2 | 12% |
| Neuroscience | 1 | 6% |
| Engineering | 1 | 6% |
| Other | 0 | 0% |
| Unknown | 6 | 35% |
Attention Score in Context
This research output has an Altmetric Attention Score of 4. This is our high-level measure of the quality and quantity of online attention that it has received. This Attention Score, as well as the ranking and number of research outputs shown below, was calculated when the research output was last mentioned on 15 April 2021.
All research outputs
#7,831,925
of 25,090,809 outputs
Outputs from Cancer Management and Research
#352
of 2,063 outputs
Outputs of similar age
#148,873
of 451,585 outputs
Outputs of similar age from Cancer Management and Research
#16
of 42 outputs
Altmetric has tracked 25,090,809 research outputs across all sources so far. This one has received more attention than most of these and is in the 67th percentile.
So far Altmetric has tracked 2,063 research outputs from this source. They receive a mean Attention Score of 3.5. This one has done well, scoring higher than 82% of its peers.
Older research outputs will score higher simply because they've had more time to accumulate mentions. To account for age we can compare this Altmetric Attention Score to the 451,585 tracked outputs that were published within six weeks on either side of this one in any source. This one has gotten more attention than average, scoring higher than 66% of its contemporaries.
We're also able to compare this research output to 42 others from the same source and published within six weeks on either side of this one. This one has gotten more attention than average, scoring higher than 64% of its contemporaries.