| Title |
Gestational exposure to titanium dioxide nanoparticles impairs the placentation through dysregulation of vascularization, proliferation and apoptosis in mice
|
|---|---|
| Published in |
International Journal of Nanomedicine, February 2018
|
| DOI | 10.2147/ijn.s152400 |
| Pubmed ID | |
| Authors |
Lu Zhang, Xingxing Xie, Yigang Zhou, Dainan Yu, Yu Deng, Jiexiu Ouyang, Bei Yang, Dan Luo, Dalei Zhang, Haibin Kuang |
| Abstract |
Titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO2NPs) have recently found applications in a wide variety of consumer goods. TiO2NPs exposure significantly increases fetal deformities and mortality. However, the potential toxicity of TiO2NPs on the growth and development of placenta has been rarely studied during mice pregnancy. The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of maternal exposure of TiO2NPs on the placentation. Mice were administered TiO2NPs by gavage at 0, 1 and 10 mg/kg/day from gestational day (GD) 1 to GD 13. Uteri and placentas from these mice were collected and counted the numbers of implanted and resorbed embryo and measured the placental weight on GD 13. Placental morphometry was observed by hematoxylin and eosin staining. The levels ofHand1, Esx1,Eomes,Hand2,Ascl2andFra1mRNA were assessed by qRT-PCR. Uterine NK (uNK) cells were detected by using DBA lectin. Laminin immunohistochemical staining was to identify fetal vessels. Western blotting and transmission electron micrograph (TEM) were used to assess the apoptosis of placenta. No treatment-related difference was observed in the numbers of implanted and resorbed embryos and weight of placenta between the groups. However, 1 mg/kg/day TiO2NPs treatment significantly reduced the ratio of placenta/body weight on GD 13. The proportion of spongiotrophoblast in the 10 mg/kg/day dose group became higher than that in the control group, yet that of labyrinth was significantly lower in 10 mg/kg/day mice. The expression levels ofHand1,Esx1,Eomes,Hand2,Ascl2andFra1mRNA markedly decreased in TiO2NP treated placentas. Furthermore, TiO2NPs treatment impaired the formation of intricate networks of fetal vessels and reduced the number of uNK cells, and inhibited proliferation and induced apoptosis of placenta by nuclear pyknosis, the activation of caspase-3 and upregulation of Bax protein and downregulation of Bcl-2 protein on GD 13. Gestational exposure to TiO2NPs significantly impairs the growth and development of placenta in mice, with a mechanism that seems to be involved in the dysregulation of vascularization, proliferation and apoptosis. Therefore, our results suggested the need for great caution while handling of the nanomaterials by workers and specially pregnant consumers. |
X Demographics
The data shown below were collected from the profiles of 3 X users who shared this research output. Click here to find out more about how the information was compiled.
Geographical breakdown
| Country | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| United States | 1 | 33% |
| Unknown | 2 | 67% |
Demographic breakdown
| Type | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Members of the public | 2 | 67% |
| Practitioners (doctors, other healthcare professionals) | 1 | 33% |
Mendeley readers
The data shown below were compiled from readership statistics for 52 Mendeley readers of this research output. Click here to see the associated Mendeley record.
Geographical breakdown
| Country | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Unknown | 52 | 100% |
Demographic breakdown
| Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Student > Master | 10 | 19% |
| Student > Bachelor | 8 | 15% |
| Student > Ph. D. Student | 6 | 12% |
| Researcher | 5 | 10% |
| Student > Doctoral Student | 2 | 4% |
| Other | 6 | 12% |
| Unknown | 15 | 29% |
| Readers by discipline | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology | 11 | 21% |
| Agricultural and Biological Sciences | 5 | 10% |
| Medicine and Dentistry | 4 | 8% |
| Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutical Science | 3 | 6% |
| Environmental Science | 2 | 4% |
| Other | 9 | 17% |
| Unknown | 18 | 35% |
Attention Score in Context
This research output has an Altmetric Attention Score of 2. This is our high-level measure of the quality and quantity of online attention that it has received. This Attention Score, as well as the ranking and number of research outputs shown below, was calculated when the research output was last mentioned on 27 April 2018.
All research outputs
#16,725,651
of 25,382,440 outputs
Outputs from International Journal of Nanomedicine
#2,087
of 4,122 outputs
Outputs of similar age
#270,656
of 448,849 outputs
Outputs of similar age from International Journal of Nanomedicine
#37
of 83 outputs
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So far Altmetric has tracked 4,122 research outputs from this source. They receive a mean Attention Score of 4.7. This one is in the 40th percentile – i.e., 40% of its peers scored the same or lower than it.
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We're also able to compare this research output to 83 others from the same source and published within six weeks on either side of this one. This one has gotten more attention than average, scoring higher than 51% of its contemporaries.