| Title |
Apathy and depressive symptoms in older people and incident myocardial infarction, stroke, and mortality: a systematic review and meta-analysis of individual participant data
|
|---|---|
| Published in |
Clinical Epidemiology, April 2018
|
| DOI | 10.2147/clep.s150915 |
| Pubmed ID | |
| Authors |
Lisa SM Eurelings, Jan Willem van Dalen, Gerben ter Riet, Eric P Moll van Charante, Edo Richard, Willem A van Gool, Osvaldo P Almeida, Tiago S Alexandre, Bernhard T Baune, Horst Bickel, Francesco Cacciatore, Cyrus Cooper, Ton AJM de Craen, Jean-Marie Degryse, Mauro Di Bari, Yeda A Duarte, Liang Feng, Nicola Ferrara, Leon Flicker, Maurizio Gallucci, Antonio Guaita, Stephanie L Harrison, Mindy J Katz, Maria L Lebrão, Jason Leung, Richard B Lipton, Marta Mengoni, Tze Pin Ng, Truls Østbye, Francesco Panza, Letizia Polito, Dirk Sander, Vincenzo Solfrizzi, Holly E Syddall, Roos C van der Mast, Bert Vaes, Jean Woo, Kristine Yaffe, Sujuan Gao, Suzanne C. Ho, Joan Lindsay, Aprille Sham, Simone Reppermund, Frederick W. Unverzagt |
| Abstract |
Previous findings suggest that apathy symptoms independently of depressive symptoms measured using the Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS) are associated with cardiovascular disease (CVD) in older individuals. To study whether apathy and depressive symptoms in older people are associated with future CVD, stroke, and mortality using individual patient-data meta-analysis. Medline, Embase, and PsycInfo databases up to September 3, 2013, were systematically searched without language restrictions. We sought prospective studies with older (mean age ≥65 years) community-dwelling populations in which the GDS was employed and subsequent stroke and/or CVD were recorded to provide individual participant data. Apathy symptoms were defined as the three apathy-related subitems of the GDS, with depressive symptoms the remaining items. We used myocardial infarction (MI), stroke, and all-cause mortality as main outcomes. Analyses were adjusted for age, sex, and MI/stroke history. An adaptation of the Newcastle-Ottawa scale was used to evaluate bias. Hazard ratios were calculated using one-stage random-effect Cox regression models. Of the 52 eligible studies, 21 (40.4%) were included, comprising 47,625 older people (mean age [standard deviation] 74 [7.4] years), over a median follow-up of 8.8 years. Participants with apathy symptoms had a 21% higher risk of MI (95% confidence interval [CI] 1.08-1.36), a 37% higher risk of stroke (95% CI 1.18-1.59), and a 47% higher risk of all-cause mortality (95% CI 1.38-1.56). Participants with depressive symptoms had a comparably higher risk of stroke (HR 1.36, 95% CI 1.18-1.56) and all-cause mortality (HR 1.44, 95% CI 1.35-1.53), but not of MI (HR 1.08, 95% CI 0.91-1.29). Associations for isolated apathy and isolated depressive symptoms were comparable. Sensitivity analyses according to risk of bias yielded similar results. Our findings stress the clinical importance of recognizing apathy independently of depressive symptoms, and could help physicians identify persons at increased risk of vascular disease. |
X Demographics
The data shown below were collected from the profile of 1 X user who shared this research output. Click here to find out more about how the information was compiled.
Geographical breakdown
| Country | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Unknown | 1 | 100% |
Demographic breakdown
| Type | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Members of the public | 1 | 100% |
Mendeley readers
The data shown below were compiled from readership statistics for 111 Mendeley readers of this research output. Click here to see the associated Mendeley record.
Geographical breakdown
| Country | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Unknown | 111 | 100% |
Demographic breakdown
| Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Student > Ph. D. Student | 14 | 13% |
| Student > Master | 13 | 12% |
| Student > Bachelor | 10 | 9% |
| Researcher | 9 | 8% |
| Student > Doctoral Student | 5 | 5% |
| Other | 13 | 12% |
| Unknown | 47 | 42% |
| Readers by discipline | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Nursing and Health Professions | 15 | 14% |
| Medicine and Dentistry | 14 | 13% |
| Psychology | 9 | 8% |
| Neuroscience | 6 | 5% |
| Computer Science | 3 | 3% |
| Other | 12 | 11% |
| Unknown | 52 | 47% |
Attention Score in Context
This research output has an Altmetric Attention Score of 4. This is our high-level measure of the quality and quantity of online attention that it has received. This Attention Score, as well as the ranking and number of research outputs shown below, was calculated when the research output was last mentioned on 14 March 2022.
All research outputs
#6,876,800
of 23,041,514 outputs
Outputs from Clinical Epidemiology
#270
of 727 outputs
Outputs of similar age
#119,843
of 330,195 outputs
Outputs of similar age from Clinical Epidemiology
#17
of 29 outputs
Altmetric has tracked 23,041,514 research outputs across all sources so far. This one has received more attention than most of these and is in the 69th percentile.
So far Altmetric has tracked 727 research outputs from this source. They typically receive a lot more attention than average, with a mean Attention Score of 14.4. This one has gotten more attention than average, scoring higher than 62% of its peers.
Older research outputs will score higher simply because they've had more time to accumulate mentions. To account for age we can compare this Altmetric Attention Score to the 330,195 tracked outputs that were published within six weeks on either side of this one in any source. This one has gotten more attention than average, scoring higher than 63% of its contemporaries.
We're also able to compare this research output to 29 others from the same source and published within six weeks on either side of this one. This one is in the 41st percentile – i.e., 41% of its contemporaries scored the same or lower than it.