| Title |
Ugly bugs in healthy guts! Carriage of multidrug-resistant and ESBL-producing commensal Enterobacteriaceae in the intestine of healthy Nepalese adults
|
|---|---|
| Published in |
Infection and Drug Resistance, April 2018
|
| DOI | 10.2147/idr.s156593 |
| Pubmed ID | |
| Authors |
Anjila Maharjan, Anjeela Bhetwal, Shreena Shakya, Deepa Satyal, Shashikala Shah, Govardhan Joshi, Puspa Raj Khanal, Narayan Prasad Parajuli |
| Abstract |
Fecal carriage of multidrug-resistant and extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Enterobacteriaceae is one of the important risk factors for infection with antibiotic-resistant bacteria. In this report, we examined the prevalence of multidrug-resistant and ESBL-producing common enterobacterial strains colonizing the intestinal tract of apparently healthy adults in Kathmandu, Nepal. During a 6-month period (February-July 2016), a total of 510 stool specimens were obtained from apparently healthy students of Manmohan Memorial Institute of Health Sciences, Kathmandu, Nepal. Stool specimens were cultured, and the most common enterobacterial isolates (Escherichia coli and Klebsiella species) were subjected to antimicrobial susceptibility tests according to the standard microbiologic guidelines. Multidrug-resistant isolates were selected for ESBL confirmation by combined disk test and E-test methods. Molecular characterization of plasmid-borne ESBL genes was performed by using specific primers of cefotaximase Munich (CTX-M), sulfhydryl variant (SHV), and temoniera (TEM) by polymerase chain reaction. Among 510 bacterial strains, E. coli (432, 84.71%) was the predominant organism followed by Klebsiella oxytoca (48, 9.41%) and K. pneumoniae (30, 5.88%). ESBLs were isolated in 9.8% of the total isolates including K. oxytoca (29.17%), E. coli (7.87%), and K. pneumoniae (6.67%). Among ESBLs, bla-TEM was the predominant type (92%) followed by bla-CTX-M (60%) and bla-SHV (4%). Multidrug-resistant and ESBL-producing enterobacterial commensal strains among healthy individuals are of serious concern. Persistent carriage of ESBL organisms in healthy individuals suggests the possibility of sustained ESBL carriage among the diseased and hospitalized patients. We recommend similar types of epidemiologic surveys in larger communities and in hospital settings to ascertain the extent of ESBL resistance. |
X Demographics
The data shown below were collected from the profiles of 2 X users who shared this research output. Click here to find out more about how the information was compiled.
Geographical breakdown
| Country | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Australia | 1 | 50% |
| Unknown | 1 | 50% |
Demographic breakdown
| Type | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Members of the public | 2 | 100% |
Mendeley readers
The data shown below were compiled from readership statistics for 56 Mendeley readers of this research output. Click here to see the associated Mendeley record.
Geographical breakdown
| Country | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Unknown | 56 | 100% |
Demographic breakdown
| Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Researcher | 10 | 18% |
| Student > Bachelor | 8 | 14% |
| Student > Ph. D. Student | 7 | 13% |
| Other | 6 | 11% |
| Student > Master | 4 | 7% |
| Other | 8 | 14% |
| Unknown | 13 | 23% |
| Readers by discipline | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Immunology and Microbiology | 15 | 27% |
| Medicine and Dentistry | 9 | 16% |
| Veterinary Science and Veterinary Medicine | 5 | 9% |
| Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology | 4 | 7% |
| Agricultural and Biological Sciences | 3 | 5% |
| Other | 5 | 9% |
| Unknown | 15 | 27% |
Attention Score in Context
This research output has an Altmetric Attention Score of 1. This is our high-level measure of the quality and quantity of online attention that it has received. This Attention Score, as well as the ranking and number of research outputs shown below, was calculated when the research output was last mentioned on 11 May 2018.
All research outputs
#17,948,821
of 23,047,237 outputs
Outputs from Infection and Drug Resistance
#931
of 1,690 outputs
Outputs of similar age
#239,988
of 330,201 outputs
Outputs of similar age from Infection and Drug Resistance
#26
of 42 outputs
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