| Title |
Development and characterization of a nanoemulsion containing propranolol for topical delivery
|
|---|---|
| Published in |
International Journal of Nanomedicine, May 2018
|
| DOI | 10.2147/ijn.s164404 |
| Pubmed ID | |
| Authors |
Tatiana Zanela da Silva Marques, Ralph Santos-Oliveira, Luciana de Oliveira de Betzler Siqueira, Verônica da Silva Cardoso, Zaida Maria Faria de Freitas, Rita de Cássia da Silva Ascenção Barros, Ana Lúcia Vazquez Villa, Mariana de Souza de Bustamante Sato Monteiro, Elisabete Pereira dos Santos, Eduardo Ricci-Junior |
| Abstract |
Propranolol (PPN) is a therapeutic option for the treatment of infantile hemangiomas. This study aimed at the development of nanoemulsion (NE) containing 1% PPN, characterization of the system, and safety studies based on ex vivo permeation, cytotoxicity, and biodistribution in vivo. The formulation was developed and characterized in relation to the droplet size, polydispersity index (PDI), pH, zeta potential, and electronic microscopy. Ex vivo permeation studies were used to evaluate the cutaneous retention of PPN in the epidermis and dermis. Cytotoxicity studies were performed in fibroblasts, macrophages, and keratinocytes. In vivo biodistribution assay of the formulations was performed by means of labeling with technetium-99m. NE1 exhibited droplet size of 26 nm, PDI <0.4, pH compatible with the skin, and zeta potential of -20 mV, which possibly contributes to the stability. Electron microscopy showed that the NE presented droplets of nanometric size and spherical shape. NE1 provided excellent stability for PPN. In the ex vivo cutaneous permeation assay, the NE provided satisfactory PPN retention particularly in the dermis, which is the site of drug action. In addition, NE1 promoted cutaneous permeation of the PPN in small amount. In vivo biodistribution showed that the radiolabeled formulation remained in the skin and a small amount reached the bloodstream. NE1 presented low cytotoxicity to fibroblasts, macrophages, and keratinocytes in the concentrations evaluated in the cytotoxicity assay. We concluded that the formulation is safe for skin administration; however, cutaneous irritation studies should be performed to confirm the safety of the formulation before clinical studies in patients with infantile hemangiomas. |
X Demographics
The data shown below were collected from the profile of 1 X user who shared this research output. Click here to find out more about how the information was compiled.
Geographical breakdown
| Country | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| United States | 1 | 100% |
Demographic breakdown
| Type | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Members of the public | 1 | 100% |
Mendeley readers
The data shown below were compiled from readership statistics for 88 Mendeley readers of this research output. Click here to see the associated Mendeley record.
Geographical breakdown
| Country | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Unknown | 88 | 100% |
Demographic breakdown
| Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Student > Master | 19 | 22% |
| Student > Ph. D. Student | 9 | 10% |
| Student > Bachelor | 7 | 8% |
| Student > Doctoral Student | 5 | 6% |
| Student > Postgraduate | 3 | 3% |
| Other | 5 | 6% |
| Unknown | 40 | 45% |
| Readers by discipline | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutical Science | 23 | 26% |
| Medicine and Dentistry | 6 | 7% |
| Chemistry | 5 | 6% |
| Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology | 3 | 3% |
| Unspecified | 1 | 1% |
| Other | 5 | 6% |
| Unknown | 45 | 51% |
Attention Score in Context
This research output has an Altmetric Attention Score of 1. This is our high-level measure of the quality and quantity of online attention that it has received. This Attention Score, as well as the ranking and number of research outputs shown below, was calculated when the research output was last mentioned on 23 May 2018.
All research outputs
#20,663,600
of 25,382,440 outputs
Outputs from International Journal of Nanomedicine
#3,128
of 4,122 outputs
Outputs of similar age
#264,938
of 339,234 outputs
Outputs of similar age from International Journal of Nanomedicine
#53
of 70 outputs
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