Title |
Current understanding of reovirus oncolysis mechanisms
|
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Published in |
Oncolytic Virotherapy, June 2018
|
DOI | 10.2147/ov.s143808 |
Pubmed ID | |
Authors |
Matthew B Phillips, Johnasha D Stuart, Roxana M Rodríguez Stewart, Jameson TL Berry, Bernardo A Mainou, Karl W Boehme |
Abstract |
Mammalian orthoreovirus (reovirus) is under development as a cancer virotherapy. Clinical trials demonstrate that reovirus-based therapies are safe and tolerated in patients with a wide variety of cancers. Although reovirus monotherapy has proven largely ineffective, reovirus sensitizes cancer cells to existing chemotherapeutic agents and radiation. Clinical trials are underway to test the efficacy of reovirus in combination with chemotherapeutic and radiation regimens and to evaluate the effectiveness of reovirus in conjunction with immunotherapies. Central to the use of reovirus to treat cancer is its capacity to directly kill cancer cells and alter the cellular environment to augment other therapies. Apoptotic cell death is a prominent mechanism of reovirus cancer cell killing. However, reoviruses can also kill cancer cells through nonapoptotic mechanisms. Here, we describe mechanisms of reovirus cancer cell killing, highlight how reovirus is used in combination with existing cancer treatments, and discuss what is known as to how reovirus modulates cancer immunotherapy. |
X Demographics
Geographical breakdown
Country | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
United States | 2 | 50% |
Canada | 1 | 25% |
United Kingdom | 1 | 25% |
Demographic breakdown
Type | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Members of the public | 4 | 100% |
Mendeley readers
Geographical breakdown
Country | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Unknown | 94 | 100% |
Demographic breakdown
Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Student > Bachelor | 18 | 19% |
Student > Master | 14 | 15% |
Student > Ph. D. Student | 14 | 15% |
Researcher | 6 | 6% |
Other | 4 | 4% |
Other | 7 | 7% |
Unknown | 31 | 33% |
Readers by discipline | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology | 17 | 18% |
Immunology and Microbiology | 14 | 15% |
Medicine and Dentistry | 12 | 13% |
Agricultural and Biological Sciences | 5 | 5% |
Veterinary Science and Veterinary Medicine | 4 | 4% |
Other | 9 | 10% |
Unknown | 33 | 35% |