| Title |
Botulinum neurotoxin formulations: overcoming the confusion
|
|---|---|
| Published in |
Clinical, Cosmetic and Investigational Dermatology, May 2018
|
| DOI | 10.2147/ccid.s156851 |
| Pubmed ID | |
| Authors |
Souphiyeh Samizadeh, Koenraad De Boulle |
| Abstract |
Botulinum toxin A is produced by anaerobic spore-forming bacteria and is used for various therapeutic and cosmetic purposes. Botulinum toxin A injections are the most popular nonsurgical procedure worldwide. Despite an increased demand for botulinum toxin A injections, the clinical pharmacology and differences in formulation of commonly available products are poorly understood. The various products available in the market are unique and vary in terms of units, chemical properties, biological activities, and weight, and are therefore not interchangeable. For safe clinical practice and to achieve optimal results, the practitioners need to understand the clinical issues of potency, conversion ratio, and safety issues (toxin spread and immunogenicity). In this paper, the basic clinical pharmacology of botulinum toxin A and differences between onabotulinum toxin A, abobotulinum toxin A, and incobotulinum toxin A are discussed. |
X Demographics
The data shown below were collected from the profiles of 2 X users who shared this research output. Click here to find out more about how the information was compiled.
Geographical breakdown
| Country | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Unknown | 2 | 100% |
Demographic breakdown
| Type | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Members of the public | 2 | 100% |
Mendeley readers
The data shown below were compiled from readership statistics for 114 Mendeley readers of this research output. Click here to see the associated Mendeley record.
Geographical breakdown
| Country | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Unknown | 114 | 100% |
Demographic breakdown
| Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Student > Bachelor | 18 | 16% |
| Researcher | 12 | 11% |
| Student > Master | 7 | 6% |
| Student > Postgraduate | 5 | 4% |
| Other | 5 | 4% |
| Other | 16 | 14% |
| Unknown | 51 | 45% |
| Readers by discipline | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Medicine and Dentistry | 25 | 22% |
| Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology | 11 | 10% |
| Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutical Science | 6 | 5% |
| Chemistry | 5 | 4% |
| Neuroscience | 4 | 4% |
| Other | 13 | 11% |
| Unknown | 50 | 44% |
Attention Score in Context
This research output has an Altmetric Attention Score of 10. This is our high-level measure of the quality and quantity of online attention that it has received. This Attention Score, as well as the ranking and number of research outputs shown below, was calculated when the research output was last mentioned on 16 April 2024.
All research outputs
#3,416,577
of 25,382,440 outputs
Outputs from Clinical, Cosmetic and Investigational Dermatology
#222
of 905 outputs
Outputs of similar age
#66,414
of 339,234 outputs
Outputs of similar age from Clinical, Cosmetic and Investigational Dermatology
#6
of 15 outputs
Altmetric has tracked 25,382,440 research outputs across all sources so far. Compared to these this one has done well and is in the 86th percentile: it's in the top 25% of all research outputs ever tracked by Altmetric.
So far Altmetric has tracked 905 research outputs from this source. They typically receive a lot more attention than average, with a mean Attention Score of 23.2. This one has gotten more attention than average, scoring higher than 74% of its peers.
Older research outputs will score higher simply because they've had more time to accumulate mentions. To account for age we can compare this Altmetric Attention Score to the 339,234 tracked outputs that were published within six weeks on either side of this one in any source. This one has done well, scoring higher than 80% of its contemporaries.
We're also able to compare this research output to 15 others from the same source and published within six weeks on either side of this one. This one has gotten more attention than average, scoring higher than 53% of its contemporaries.