| Title |
Enhancement of absorption and bioavailability of echinacoside by verapamil or clove oil
|
|---|---|
| Published in |
Drug Design, Development and Therapy, August 2015
|
| DOI | 10.2147/dddt.s87581 |
| Pubmed ID | |
| Authors |
Jin-Yang Shen, Xiao-Lin Yang, Zhong-Lin Yang, Jun-Ping Kou, Fei Li |
| Abstract |
This present study investigated the absorption kinetics of echinacoside (ECH) in situ and in vitro and its oral bioavailability in rats. Additional aim was to find an agent(s) to promote ECH absorption and oral bioavailability among two efflux proteins and three absorption promoters. ECH absorption behaviors were investigated by everted gut sac model in vitro and single-pass intestinal perfusion model in situ. Pharmacokinetics study was performed to investigate the influences of verapamil and clove oil on ECH bioavailability in vivo. All samples were measured at different time intervals by high performance liquid chromatography. The results showed that the effective permeability coefficient (P eff) and apparent permeability coefficient of ECH were 0.83×10(-6)-3.23×10(-6) cm/s and 2.99×10(-6)-9.86×10(-6) cm/s, respectively. The P eff among duodenum, jejunum, and ileum were not statistically different, but they were higher than colon (P<0.01), which demonstrated that intestinal ECH absorption was poor and site dependent. Additionally, verapamil and clove oil significantly increased the jejunal P eff of ECH both in situ and in vitro. Moreover, the bioavailability of ECH in combination with verapamil and clove oil were increased by 1.37-fold (P<0.05) and 2.36-fold (P<0.001), respectively, when compared to ECH group. Overall, verapamil and clove oil facilitated ECH absorption and oral bioavailability. The absorption and bioavailability of ECH were enhanced by verapamil and clove oil, respectively, both in vitro and in vivo. Consequently, the combination of verapamil and clove oil with ECH will be a promising and effective approach to promote intestinal absorption and oral bioavailability of ECH. |
X Demographics
The data shown below were collected from the profile of 1 X user who shared this research output. Click here to find out more about how the information was compiled.
Geographical breakdown
| Country | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Unknown | 1 | 100% |
Demographic breakdown
| Type | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Practitioners (doctors, other healthcare professionals) | 1 | 100% |
Mendeley readers
The data shown below were compiled from readership statistics for 24 Mendeley readers of this research output. Click here to see the associated Mendeley record.
Geographical breakdown
| Country | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Unknown | 24 | 100% |
Demographic breakdown
| Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Researcher | 3 | 13% |
| Other | 2 | 8% |
| Lecturer | 2 | 8% |
| Student > Master | 2 | 8% |
| Student > Doctoral Student | 1 | 4% |
| Other | 4 | 17% |
| Unknown | 10 | 42% |
| Readers by discipline | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutical Science | 4 | 17% |
| Agricultural and Biological Sciences | 3 | 13% |
| Medicine and Dentistry | 3 | 13% |
| Chemistry | 2 | 8% |
| Computer Science | 1 | 4% |
| Other | 2 | 8% |
| Unknown | 9 | 38% |
Attention Score in Context
This research output has an Altmetric Attention Score of 1. This is our high-level measure of the quality and quantity of online attention that it has received. This Attention Score, as well as the ranking and number of research outputs shown below, was calculated when the research output was last mentioned on 17 August 2015.
All research outputs
#22,759,452
of 25,374,647 outputs
Outputs from Drug Design, Development and Therapy
#1,754
of 2,268 outputs
Outputs of similar age
#236,288
of 276,425 outputs
Outputs of similar age from Drug Design, Development and Therapy
#116
of 151 outputs
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