| Title |
In vivo toxicological evaluation of graphene oxide nanoplatelets for clinical application
|
|---|---|
| Published in |
International Journal of Nanomedicine, August 2018
|
| DOI | 10.2147/ijn.s168731 |
| Pubmed ID | |
| Authors |
Mohammad Amrollahi-Sharifabadi, Mohammad Kazem Koohi, Ehsan Zayerzadeh, Mohammad Hassan Hablolvarid, Jalal Hassan, Alexander M Seifalian |
| Abstract |
Graphene is considered as a wonder material; it is the strongest material on the planet, super-elastic, and conductive. Its application in biomedicine is huge, with a multibillion-dollar industry, and will revolutionize the diagnostic and treatment of diseases. However, its safety and potential toxicity is the main challenge. This study assessed the potential toxicity of graphene oxide nanoplatelets (GONs) in an in vivo animal model using systemic, hematological, biochemical, and histopathological examinations. Normal saline (control group) or GONs (3-6 layers, lateral dimension=5-10 μm, and thickness=0.8-2 nm) at dose rate of 50, 150, or 500 mg/kg were intraperitoneally injected into adult male Wistar rats (n=5) every 48 hours during 1 week to receive each animal a total of four doses. The animals were allowed 2 weeks to recover after the last dosing. Then, animals were killed and the blood was collected for hematological and biochemical analysis. The organs including the liver, kidney, spleen, lung, intestine, brain, and heart were harvested for histopathological evaluations. The results showed GONs prevented body weight gain in animals after 21 days, treated at 500 mg/kg, but not in the animals treated at 150 or 50 mg/kg GONs. The biochemical analysis showed a significant increase in total bilirubin, with a significant decrease in triglycerides and high-density lipoprotein in animals treated at 500 mg/kg. Nonetheless, other hematological and biochemical parameters remained statistically insignificant in all GONs treated animals. The most common histopathological findings in the visceral organs were granulomatous reaction with giant cell formation and accumulation of GONs in capsular regions. Also, small foci of neuronal degeneration and necrosis were the most outstanding findings in the brain, including the cerebellum. In conclusion, this study shows that GONs without functionalization are toxic. The future study is a comparison of the functionalized with non-functionalized GONs. |
X Demographics
The data shown below were collected from the profiles of 32 X users who shared this research output. Click here to find out more about how the information was compiled.
Geographical breakdown
| Country | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| United States | 3 | 9% |
| Brazil | 1 | 3% |
| Australia | 1 | 3% |
| Unknown | 27 | 84% |
Demographic breakdown
| Type | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Members of the public | 30 | 94% |
| Practitioners (doctors, other healthcare professionals) | 1 | 3% |
| Scientists | 1 | 3% |
Mendeley readers
The data shown below were compiled from readership statistics for 68 Mendeley readers of this research output. Click here to see the associated Mendeley record.
Geographical breakdown
| Country | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Unknown | 68 | 100% |
Demographic breakdown
| Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Student > Ph. D. Student | 14 | 21% |
| Researcher | 11 | 16% |
| Student > Master | 10 | 15% |
| Student > Bachelor | 8 | 12% |
| Student > Doctoral Student | 3 | 4% |
| Other | 6 | 9% |
| Unknown | 16 | 24% |
| Readers by discipline | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutical Science | 7 | 10% |
| Engineering | 6 | 9% |
| Chemistry | 6 | 9% |
| Materials Science | 6 | 9% |
| Agricultural and Biological Sciences | 5 | 7% |
| Other | 22 | 32% |
| Unknown | 16 | 24% |
Attention Score in Context
This research output has an Altmetric Attention Score of 25. This is our high-level measure of the quality and quantity of online attention that it has received. This Attention Score, as well as the ranking and number of research outputs shown below, was calculated when the research output was last mentioned on 27 October 2023.
All research outputs
#1,553,062
of 25,765,370 outputs
Outputs from International Journal of Nanomedicine
#54
of 4,151 outputs
Outputs of similar age
#31,554
of 342,955 outputs
Outputs of similar age from International Journal of Nanomedicine
#1
of 75 outputs
Altmetric has tracked 25,765,370 research outputs across all sources so far. Compared to these this one has done particularly well and is in the 93rd percentile: it's in the top 10% of all research outputs ever tracked by Altmetric.
So far Altmetric has tracked 4,151 research outputs from this source. They receive a mean Attention Score of 4.7. This one has done particularly well, scoring higher than 98% of its peers.
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We're also able to compare this research output to 75 others from the same source and published within six weeks on either side of this one. This one has done particularly well, scoring higher than 98% of its contemporaries.