| Title |
Bacterial–viral load and the immune response in stable and exacerbated COPD: significance and therapeutic prospects
|
|---|---|
| Published in |
International Journal of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease, March 2016
|
| DOI | 10.2147/copd.s93398 |
| Pubmed ID | |
| Authors |
Silvestro Ennio D’Anna, Bruno Balbi, Francesco Cappello, Mauro Carone, Antonino Di Stefano |
| Abstract |
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is characterized by persistent airflow limitation and an abnormal inflammatory response of the lung. Bacteria and viruses are a major cause of COPD exacerbations and may contribute to COPD progression by perpetuating the inflammatory response in the airways. Bacterial variety diminishes with increasing COPD severity. Respiratory viruses can colonize the lower respiratory tract in stable COPD, altering the respiratory microbiome and facilitating secondary bacterial infections. In this review, we present the most updated information about the role of bacteria and viruses in stable and exacerbated COPD. In our opinion, to optimize therapeutic strategies, the dynamic events involving bacterial-viral infections and related immune response in COPD phenotypes need to be better clarified. Our paper would address these points that we consider of great importance for the clinical management of COPD. |
X Demographics
The data shown below were collected from the profiles of 7 X users who shared this research output. Click here to find out more about how the information was compiled.
Geographical breakdown
| Country | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Italy | 2 | 29% |
| United States | 1 | 14% |
| Unknown | 4 | 57% |
Demographic breakdown
| Type | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Members of the public | 4 | 57% |
| Practitioners (doctors, other healthcare professionals) | 2 | 29% |
| Scientists | 1 | 14% |
Mendeley readers
The data shown below were compiled from readership statistics for 76 Mendeley readers of this research output. Click here to see the associated Mendeley record.
Geographical breakdown
| Country | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| United Kingdom | 1 | 1% |
| Unknown | 75 | 99% |
Demographic breakdown
| Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Researcher | 16 | 21% |
| Student > Master | 12 | 16% |
| Student > Ph. D. Student | 10 | 13% |
| Student > Bachelor | 9 | 12% |
| Student > Doctoral Student | 3 | 4% |
| Other | 6 | 8% |
| Unknown | 20 | 26% |
| Readers by discipline | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Medicine and Dentistry | 15 | 20% |
| Immunology and Microbiology | 12 | 16% |
| Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology | 8 | 11% |
| Agricultural and Biological Sciences | 5 | 7% |
| Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutical Science | 2 | 3% |
| Other | 9 | 12% |
| Unknown | 25 | 33% |
Attention Score in Context
This research output has an Altmetric Attention Score of 12. This is our high-level measure of the quality and quantity of online attention that it has received. This Attention Score, as well as the ranking and number of research outputs shown below, was calculated when the research output was last mentioned on 21 April 2016.
All research outputs
#3,138,093
of 25,576,275 outputs
Outputs from International Journal of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
#354
of 2,585 outputs
Outputs of similar age
#47,018
of 313,042 outputs
Outputs of similar age from International Journal of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
#15
of 72 outputs
Altmetric has tracked 25,576,275 research outputs across all sources so far. Compared to these this one has done well and is in the 87th percentile: it's in the top 25% of all research outputs ever tracked by Altmetric.
So far Altmetric has tracked 2,585 research outputs from this source. They typically receive a little more attention than average, with a mean Attention Score of 6.5. This one has done well, scoring higher than 86% of its peers.
Older research outputs will score higher simply because they've had more time to accumulate mentions. To account for age we can compare this Altmetric Attention Score to the 313,042 tracked outputs that were published within six weeks on either side of this one in any source. This one has done well, scoring higher than 84% of its contemporaries.
We're also able to compare this research output to 72 others from the same source and published within six weeks on either side of this one. This one has done well, scoring higher than 80% of its contemporaries.