Title |
Cellular entry of nanoparticles via serum sensitive clathrin-mediated endocytosis, and plasma membrane permeabilization
|
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Published in |
International Journal of Nanomedicine, April 2012
|
DOI | 10.2147/ijn.s29334 |
Pubmed ID | |
Authors |
Philip J Smith, Maude Giroud, Helen L Wiggins, Florence Gower, Jennifer A Thorley, Bjorn Stolpe, Julie Mazzolini, Rosemary J Dyson, Joshua Z Rappoport |
Abstract |
Increasing production and application of nanomaterials raises significant questions regarding the potential for cellular entry and toxicity of nanoparticles. It was observed that the presence of serum reduces the cellular association of 20 nm carboxylate-modified fluorescent polystyrene beads up to 20-fold, relative to cells incubated in serum-free media. Analysis by confocal microscopy demonstrated that the presence of serum greatly reduces the cell surface association of nanoparticles, as well as the potential for internalization. However, both in the presence and absence of serum, nanoparticle entry depends upon clathrin-mediated endocytosis. Finally, experiments performed with cells cooled to 4°C suggest that a proportion of the accumulation of nanoparticles in cells was likely due to direct permeabilization of the plasma membrane. |
X Demographics
Geographical breakdown
Country | Count | As % |
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Unknown | 1 | 100% |
Demographic breakdown
Type | Count | As % |
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Practitioners (doctors, other healthcare professionals) | 1 | 100% |
Mendeley readers
Geographical breakdown
Country | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
France | 1 | 1% |
Unknown | 92 | 99% |
Demographic breakdown
Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Student > Ph. D. Student | 27 | 29% |
Researcher | 16 | 17% |
Student > Bachelor | 11 | 12% |
Student > Master | 9 | 10% |
Student > Doctoral Student | 7 | 8% |
Other | 11 | 12% |
Unknown | 12 | 13% |
Readers by discipline | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Agricultural and Biological Sciences | 26 | 28% |
Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology | 11 | 12% |
Chemistry | 9 | 10% |
Medicine and Dentistry | 6 | 6% |
Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutical Science | 6 | 6% |
Other | 19 | 20% |
Unknown | 16 | 17% |